Vanlig presens
Vi bruker vanlig presens:
-
For å uttrykke vaner, generelle sannheter, gjentatte handlinger, eller uforandrede situasjoner, følelser eller ønsker:
I smoke (vane); I work in London (uforandret situasjon); London is a large city (generell sannhet) -
For å gi instruksjoner eller veiledninger:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left. -
For å uttrykke faste avtaler, nå eller i framtiden:
Your exam starts at 09.00 -
For å uttrykke noe som vil skje i framtiden, etter visse konjuksjoner: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
Vær forsiktig! Vi bruker ikke vanlig presens for å uttrykke handlinger som skjer akkurat nå.
Eksempler
-
For vaner
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly. -
For gjentatte handlinger
We catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer. -
For generelle sannheter
Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Her mother is Peruvian.
-
For instrukser og veiledninger
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford. -
For faste avtaler
His mother arrives tomorrow.
Our holiday starts on the 26th March -
Med framtiden
She'll see you before she leaves.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.
Forming av vanlig presens: to think
| Bekreftende | Spørrende | Nektende |
|---|---|---|
| I think | Do I think? | I do not think |
| You think | Do you think? | You do not think |
| He thinks | Does he think? | He does not think |
| She thinks | Does she think? | She does not think |
| It thinks | Does it think? | It does not think |
| We think | Do we think? | We do not think. |
| They think | Do they think? | They do not think. |
Merknader om vanlig presens, tredje person entall
-
I tredje person entall slutter verbet alltid i -s:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks. -
De nektende og spørrende formene bruker DOES (= hjelpeverbet 'DO' i tredje person entall) + verbets infinitiv.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla. -
Verbene som slutter i -y: i tredje person endres -y til -ies:
fly --> flies, cry --> cries
Unntak: hvis det er en vokal foran y:
play --> plays, pray --> prays -
Legg til -es etter verbene som slutter i -ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Eksempler
- He goes to school every morning.
- She understands English.
- It mixes the sand and the water.
- He tries very hard.
- She enjoys playing the piano.